The ion concentration is highest (3.89 %) for a fluence of 4.7 × 10 18 cm −2, which asserts the formation of atomically heterogeneous surface due to subsurface ion implantation. The average aspect ratio (base width/height) of microstructures for individual irradiated samples is found to increase from 0.7 to 1.5 with a decrease in ion fluence. The local work function variation is analyzed by Kelvin probe force microscopy, and the argon content in the irradiated layer is measured with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The surface morphologies are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The created microconical arrays are explored for field emission properties. We report the formation of self-organized microconical arrays on copper surface when exposed to high flux (5.4 × 10 15 cm −2 s −1) of 2 keV argon ion beams at normal incidence. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.Undergraduate and Postgraduate Taught students can download Microsoft Office for free.Jayashree Majumdar* and Sudeep Bhattacharjee* Windows 10 is the latest version of the Windows operating system from Microsoft and is available for staff and PGRs. Electronic Software Distribution User Guide.These are electronic copies of CDs and DVDs which your computer can install. Software on the ESD is supplied as a disk image. ESD website (known display issues in some browsers).You may also need to check your DNS settings on your home Wi-Fi if you're having issues. If you're using Wi-Fi or you're not on campus, you need to be connected to the GlobalProtect VPN. If you can't download the software you want from the Software Centre, use the ESD to download free and paid-for (with University account code) software.
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